Unsur Kesalingfahaman dan Ketidaksalingfahaman antara Dialek Kedah dan Dialek Melayu Sarawak

Mutual and Non-mutual Intelligibility between Kedah Malay Dialect and Sarawak Malay Dialect

Abstract

This study is conducted with the purpose of identifying words that are mutually and not mutually intelligible between two Malay dialects which are Kedah Malay dialect and Sarawak Malay dialect. Mutual intelligibility is a phenomenon between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can mutually understand each other even without having prior familiarity or putting in special effort. In other words, the communication between speakers of two different related varieties can easily understand each other; such a relationship in communication between languages or dialects is known as mutual intelligibility. This study is conducted using the interview method which centered on daily life topic. The researcher interacts in Kedah Malay dialect while the informant speaks Sarawak Malay dialect. Data from interview are analysed and the researchers found that there are a few words that are different but are mutually intelligible and there are also words that cause some misunderstanding between the two speakers. From this study, twenty words that are mutually and not mutually intelligible between Kedah Malay dialect and Sarawak Malay dialect are described and discussed.

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi tujuan mengenal pasti kata-kata yang mempunyai unsur kesalingfahaman serta unsur ketidaksalingfahaman di antara dialek Kedah dan dialek Melayu Sarawak. Kesalingfahaman atau juga dikenali sebagai kebolehfahaman ialah satu fenomena antara bahasa atau dialek di mana penutur bahasa atau dialek yang berbeza namun berkaitan, boleh saling memahami antara satu sama lain tanpa kebiasaan sebelumnya atau tanpa sebarang usaha yang berlebihan. Dalam erti kata lain, penutur dua jenis bahasa yang berkaitan atau dialek yang berbeza dapat memahami antara satu sama lain dengan mudah; hubungan seperti ini dalam komunikasi antara bahasa atau dialek dikenali sebagai kesalingfahaman. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual mengenai topik perbualan harian. Pengkaji telah berbual menggunakan dialek Kedah manakala informan pula bertutur menggunakan dialek Melayu Sarawak. Hasil temu bual kemudiannya dianalisis dan pengkaji mendapati bahawa terdapat beberapa kata yang mempunyai unsur kesalingfahaman dan juga unsur ketidaksalingfahaman di antara kedua dialek tersebut. Berdasarkan kajian ini dua puluh patah perkataan yang mengandungi unsur saling dan ketidaksalingfahaman antara dialek Kedah dan dialek Melayu Sarawak dihurai dan dibincangkan.